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Background: Growth and development of dentocraniofacial complex occurs during various stage of development of dentition with TMJ as one of its centres of growth. The condition of temporomandibular joint can be visible from its condylar head form; therefore, it is crucial to recognize the normal morphology of condylar head during different stages of development of dentition. Aims: The aim of the study is to view the morphological appearance of condylar head during primary dentition, mixed dentition and permenant dentition. Subject and Methods: 400 panoramic images of 194 boys and 296 girls were collected and were divided into three groups bases on the stage of dentition. Shape of the condylar head were determined by tracing the print out of the panoramic image on an X ray viewer. Results: The study showed that during primary dentition stage shape of the conylar head was dominated by round shape and as growth and development occurs the condylar head shape changes to convex. Conclusion: The study describes the normal morphology of mandibular condyles in a child population attending The dentition status as well as growth of craniofacial has a significant role in determining condylar morphology.
RESUMO
The 2x4 appliance consists of bands on the first permanent maxillary molars, bonded brackets on the maxillary incisors, and a continuous archwire inserted into buccal tubes of the molar bands. It provides total control of anterior tooth position, allows precise and rapid positioning of the teeth, does not require any adjustment and is very well accepted by the patient, and. This case report presents correction of anterior crossbite at early mixed dentition stage with the help of 2x4 appliances. The results achieved, satisfied the esthetic demands of the patients as well as parents.
RESUMO
An ounce of prevention is better than pounds of cure ……That’s what dental health care workers spend their day telling their patients, but it also applies to working conditions that can cause pain in the neck, shoulder and hand to a dentist. In dental clinics, there are very few activities that can cause sudden injuries, rather it is an accumulation of harmless working positions over months and years, which are repeated so often that they cause irreversible injuries. This article includes Musculoskeletal disorders / Repetitive Strain Injuries (MSDs /RSIs) and the signs, symptoms and risk factors of these types of injuries, so that one can be aware of developing problems and can change his /her approach to work or alter the workstation setup to prevent further injury. The article discusses the important issues of posture and offers different exercises to work with comfort, efficiency and ease.